An Integrated Approach for Malaria Control in Africa     Daniel M.N.Okenu
1. Department of Infectious & Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom 2. National Institute for Medical Research, PMB 2013 Yaba, Lagos, NIGERIA)

Abstract: "In recent times, there has been a strong advocacy for an integrated approach for malaria control. This involves the use of drugs, prompt diagnosis, insecticide sprays and insecticide-treated bednets, improved community-based systems, proper case management, improved health information systems, and proper environmental management geared towards vector control, plus a continuous search for an effective vaccine. This article highlights these components of a multilateral approach to malaria control, and is particularly aimed at drawing the attention of healthcare providers and indeed the policy-makers in Africa where the disease has had a devastating effect"
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The Growth Costs of Malaria      F. Desmond McCarthy (World Bank), Holger Wolf (Center for German and European Studies, Georgetown University and EMBR), and Yi Wu (Georgetown University)

ABSTRACT: Malaria ranks among the foremost health issues facing tropical countries. In this paper, we explore the determinants of cross-country differences in malaria morbidity, and examine the linkage between malaria and economic growth. Using a classification rule analysis, we confirm the dominant role of climate in accounting for cross-country differences in malaria morbidity. The data, however, do not suggest that tropical location is destiny: controlling for climate, we find that access to rural healthcare and income equality influence malaria morbidity. In a cross-section growth framework, we find a significant negative association between higher malaria morbidity and the growth rate of GDP per capita which is robust to a number of modifications, including controlling for reverse causation. The estimated absolute growth impact of malaria differs sharply across countries; it exceeds a quarter percent per annum in a quarter of the sample countries. Most of these are located in Sub-Saharan Africa (with an estimated average annual growth reduction of 0.55 percent.